At Anitya Ayurveda, our mission is to provide holistic, personalized, and authentic Ayurvedic care rooted in ancient wisdom. Led by Dr. Prachi Dilip Talekar (BAMS, PGDEMS, MBA).

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Gallstones

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gallstones

Gallstones

Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid (bile) that can form in the gallbladder, a small organ located beneath the liver. They can vary in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball.
Types of Gallstones :-
  • Cholesterol gallstones :- The most common type, usually yellow and composed mainly of undissolved cholesterol.
  • Pigment gallstones :- Dark brown or black stones that form when there is too much bilirubin in bile, often related to certain medical conditions like liver cirrhosis or blood disorders.
Symptoms :-
Most gallstones don’t cause symptoms and are often discovered incidentally during imaging tests for other conditions. However, if a gallstone blocks a bile duct, it can cause a gallbladder attack (biliary colic), which typically involves: 
  • Sudden and intense pain in the upper right or center of the abdomen, potentially radiating to the right shoulder blade or back.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Pain that may be triggered or worsen after eating fatty meals.
Complications :-
If left untreated, gallstones can lead to various complications, including :-
  • Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder.
  • Choledocholithiasis: Gallstones in the common bile duct.
  • Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas.
  • Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes due to bile duct obstruction.
  • Cholangitis: Inflammation of the bile ducts.
  • Gallbladder cancer: A rare complication with an increased risk for people with a history of gallstones.
Causes :-
It’s not entirely clear what causes gallstones to form, but they may occur when :-
  • Bile contains excessive cholesterol or bilirubin.
  • The gallbladder doesn’t empty properly.
Risk Factors :-
Several factors can increase the risk of developing gallstones, including :-
  • Being female and over 40.
  • Obesity or rapid weight loss.
  • High-fat and high-cholesterol diets.
  • Sedentary lifestyle.
  • Family history of gallstones.
  • Diabetes.
  • Certain blood disorders.
  • Pregnancy and use of estrogen-containing medications.
Diagnosis :-
Doctors use medical history, physical exams, blood tests, and imaging tests like ultrasounds, CT scans, MRIs, and HIDA scans to diagnose gallstones.
Treatment :-
If gallstones are asymptomatic, they usually don’t require treatment. However, if they cause symptoms or complications, surgery to remove the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) is typically recommended. There are two main types of cholecystectomy: laparoscopic (minimally invasive) and open surgery. In some cases, nonsurgical treatments like oral dissolution therapy or shock wave lithotripsy may be used for cholesterol stones. 
Prevention :-
While there’s no definitive way to prevent gallstones, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk. This includes :-
  • Maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding rapid weight loss.
  • Eating a high-fiber, low-fat diet.
  • Regular exercise.