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Thyroid Disorders

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Thyroid Disorders

Thyroid Disorders

Thyroid disorders are medical conditions that affect the structure and/or function of the thyroid gland, which is located in the front of the neck. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
Types of Thyroid Disorders :-
  • Hypothyroidism: The thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone.
  • Hyperthyroidism: The thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone.
  • Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland.
  • Graves’ disease: An autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism.
  • Goiter: Enlargement of the thyroid gland.
  • Thyroid nodules: Lumps that form in the thyroid gland.
  • Thyroid cancer : Cancer of the thyroid gland.
Symptoms:
Symptoms of thyroid disorders vary depending on the type and severity. Some common symptoms include:
  • Hypothyroidism: Fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, dry skin, hair loss, and depression.
  • Hyperthyroidism: Weight loss, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, tremors, and heat sensitivity.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis of thyroid disorders typically involves:
  • Physical exam: Checking for signs of thyroid dysfunction.
  • Blood tests: Measuring thyroid hormone levels and checking for thyroid antibodies.
  • Thyroid scan: Imaging the thyroid gland to assess its function and structure.
Treatment:
Treatment for thyroid disorders depends on the specific condition. Options include:
  • Medications: To regulate thyroid hormone levels (e.g., synthetic thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism or anti-thyroid medications for hyperthyroidism).
  • Radioactive iodine therapy: To destroy overactive thyroid cells in cases of hyperthyroidism.
  • Surgery: To remove part or all of the thyroid gland in cases of goiter, nodules, or cancer.